![]() ![]() It displays outstanding electrochemical properties such as high thermal conductivity (above 3000 W m K −1) and low redox potential (−0.5 V–1.2). ![]() ![]() It is an extremely thin material and occurs as a few layers of graphite. Graphene is a premium material formed by a single-thick layer of sp 2 hybridized carbon atoms arranged in a honeycomb lattice. Graphene is one such material which is being used extensively in the development of sensors. Utilizing nanoparticles might lead to enhancements in technology regarding time, specificity, mobility and convenience. Nanomaterials might boost the sensitivity of present diagnostic techniques due to features like high reactivity, adsorption capacity, particle size, and physicochemical bonding capacity. Such properties make nanomaterials ideal for their utility in biosensors to enhance target-specific reactions which respond to biochemical reactions such as temperature, pH, and the existence of enzymes. They can be used for certain purposes by regulating physical and chemical properties, namely size, morphology, surface charge and solubility. Nanomaterials have exceptional qualities, making them an ideal platform for usage in biosensors. Hence, nanomaterial-based sensors can be a good option for dengue detection as they surpass all the issues mentioned above that conventional methods face. Ĭonventional methods for dengue detection are laborious, time-consuming, costly and require skilled professionals. As of 23 September 2022, 110,473 dengue cases have been reported in India. A global study showed that about 390 million people get infected by dengue annually, of which 96 million exhibit clinical manifestations. Infection caused due to any of these serotypes is usually asymptomatic or flu-like symptoms develop, which might lead to severe dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome. The different serotypes of dengue are DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3, and DENV-4. In addition, it contains seven non-structural proteins, NS1, NS2A, NS2B, NS3, NS4A, NS4B, and NS5, which play a role in the replication of the virus and many more cellular functions. DENV consists of three structural proteins, namely the membrane-associated protein M, core protein C, and envelope protein E, which are responsible for shaping the structure of the virus. Dengue virus (DENV), a member of the family Flaviviridae, is a single-stranded positive-sense RNA virus with a genome of 11 kb and is transmitted by the female Aedes aegyptii mosquito vector. ![]()
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